| system | initial cost ($ + hrs) / unit | annualized cost ($ + hrs) / unit | sqft building | sqft land | other resources | revenue | market cost | benefits | | ------------------- | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ------- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | large wind turbines | $2.1M + 14,400 hrs | $243k + 4,360 hrs | 1,000 | 15 acres | Grid connection, Monitoring system, Access roads | $180k | $438k | Energy independence, Zero emissions, Night generation capacity, Community education | #### Assumptions - 3 utility-scale turbines (2.5MW total capacity) - Average wind speed 12-15 mph at hub height - 35% capacity factor for Michigan location - Supplementary to solar generation - Internal resource unit costs (from source systems): - Grid connection infrastructure - Access road maintenance equipment - Monitoring and control systems #### Market Solutions $438K/year - Total cost if equivalent power was purchased from utility: - Energy charges: $350k/year - Demand charges: $48k/year - Connection fees: $40k/year #### Labor 2,920 Hours/year | Task | Hours/year | Notes | | ------------------------ | ---------- | -------------------------------------------- | | Daily inspections | 730 | 2 hours per day visual and system checks | | Preventive maintenance | 600 | Scheduled maintenance per manufacturer specs | | Reactive maintenance | 400 | Troubleshooting and repairs | | Performance monitoring | 480 | Data analysis and optimization | | Site maintenance | 400 | Access roads, grounds, electrical systems | | Environmental compliance | 160 | Bird/bat monitoring, noise assessments | | Safety inspections | 150 | Monthly detailed safety audits | | Total labor hours | 2,920 | | #### Operating Costs $54k/year | Component | External Cost ($) | Internal Cost ($) | Notes | | ------------------------ | ----------------- | ----------------- | --------------------------------- | | Replacement parts | $25,000 | 0 | Bearings, mechanical components | | Lubricants and supplies | $8,000 | 0 | Oils, greases, cleaning materials | | Environmental monitoring | $6,000 | 0 | Wildlife impact studies | | Insurance | $12,000 | 0 | Liability and equipment coverage | | Permit renewals | $3,000 | 0 | Annual regulatory compliance | | Total annual cost | $54,000 | 0 | | #### Initial Costs $2.1M + 14,400 hrs -> $189k + 1,440 hrs/year | Component | Initial Cost ($ + hrs) | Lifespan (Years) | Amortized Cost/Year ($ + hrs) | Justification | | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | | Wind turbines (3) | $1.5M + 9,000 hrs | 20 | $75k + 450 hrs | Including towers, blades, generators | | Site preparation | $200k + 2,000 hrs | 20 | $10k + 100 hrs | Roads, foundations, drainage | | Grid connection | $250k + 2,000 hrs | 25 | $10k + 80 hrs | Transformers, switchgear, controls | | Construction equipment | $100k + 800 hrs | 10 | $10k + 80 hrs | Cranes, tools, safety equipment | | Monitoring systems | $50k + 600 hrs | 5 | $10k + 120 hrs | SCADA, weather stations, control software | | Total initial cost | $2.1M + 14,400 hrs | - | $189k + 1,440 hrs | | #### System Outputs | Output Type | Daily Units | Annual Units | Internal Cost ($/unit) | Internal Cost (hrs/unit) | Notes | | ------------------ | ----------- | ------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------------ | | Base Generation | 15 MWh | 5,475 MWh | $26.80 | 0.4 | Based on 35% capacity factor | | Peak Generation | 25 MWh | 9,125 MWh | $16.08 | 0.24 | During optimal wind conditions | | Minimum Generation | 5 MWh | 1,825 MWh | $80.40 | 1.2 | During low wind periods | #### Revenue $180k/year | Service Category | Revenue ($) | Notes | | ---------------------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | | Excess power sales | $150k | Grid feed-in during overproduction | | Renewable credits | $30k | Sale of renewable energy certificates | | Total annual revenue | $180k | Additional value from offset community power costs | #### Technical Requirements Height and Setback Requirements: - Minimum tower height: 80m (262ft) - Blade clearance: 25m (82ft) - Property line setback: 1.5× total height - Noise setback: 305m (1000ft) from residences - Road setback: 1.1× total height Safety Systems: - Automatic shutdown controls - Lightning protection - Ice detection - Bird/bat deterrent systems - Remote monitoring capability - Maintenance access systems Grid Integration: - SCADA interface - Power quality monitoring - Voltage regulation - Frequency control - Fault protection - Data logging system