| System | Initial Cost ($ + hrs) / Unit | Annualized Cost ($ + hrs) / Unit | Sqft Building | Acre Land | Revenue | Market Cost | Benefits |
| ----------------- | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------- | --------- | ------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gravel Production | $72k + 300 hrs | $16.4k + 600 hrs | 800 | 1.5 | $57k | $90k | Resource independence, water retention features, construction materials, revenue generation |
#### Assumptions
- Semi-automated processing system with 2,000-3,000 ton annual capacity
- Seasonal operation (April-October, 3 days/week)
- Extraction from on-site water retention features
- Concrete recycling: 800 tons/year received at $15/ton tipping fee
- Concrete yield: 85% usable material after processing
- Operating radius: 25 miles for external customers
- Material density: 1.33 tons per cubic yard loose gravel
- Equipment maintenance performed internally
- West Michigan location with adequate gravel deposits at 5-15 ft depth
#### Market Solutions $90k/year
- Annual internal needs (250 tons × $18/ton) = $4,500
- Construction phase needs (500 tons × $18/ton) = $9,000
- External sales opportunities (1,500 tons × $18/ton) = $27,000
- Concrete recycling alternative (800 tons × $25/ton landfill fee) = $20,000
- Hauling costs saved (2,550 tons × $0.15/ton/mile × 20 miles) = $7,650
- Specialty grades premium (25% of production × $10/ton premium) = $6,375
- Additional landscaping materials (150 tons × $25/ton) = $3,750
- Resource sourcing independence value (intangible) = $12,000
#### Labor 600 Hours/year
| Task | Hours/Year | Notes |
|------|------------|-------|
| Material extraction | 100 | Coordinated with water feature development |
| Equipment operation | 260 | 10 hrs/week for 26 weeks (processing days) |
| Maintenance | 80 | Preventative and corrective maintenance |
| Quality control | 60 | Testing, grading, certification |
| Material handling | 80 | Loading/unloading, stockpile management |
| Customer service | 20 | Order processing, pickup coordination |
| Total labor | 600 | ~0.3 hrs/ton of processed material |
#### Operating Costs $9.4k/year
| Component | External Cost ($) | Notes |
|-----------|------------------|-------|
| Fuel | $3,600 | Diesel for equipment (2,400 gallons @ $1.50/gal) |
| Replacement parts | $2,200 | Wear items (screens, belts, crusher plates) |
| Lubricants | $800 | Equipment maintenance fluids |
| Environmental compliance | $1,200 | Dust control, water management |
| Regulatory permits | $600 | Annual renewal fees |
| Testing materials | $1,000 | Quality verification, gradation analysis |
| Total annual cost | $9,400 | $4.70/ton at 2,000 ton production |
#### Initial Costs $72k + 300 hrs → $16.4k + 70 hrs/year
| Component | Initial Cost ($ + hrs) | Lifespan (Years) | Amortized Cost/Year ($ + hrs) | Justification |
|-----------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------------|---------------|
| Jaw crusher | $22,000 + 60 hrs | 10 | $2,200 + 6 hrs | Used Powerscreen Metrotrak 900×600, 40-60 TPH capacity |
| Trommel screen | $15,000 + 50 hrs | 10 | $1,500 + 5 hrs | Used McCloskey 407 or equivalent, 3 product grades |
| Skid-steer loader | $18,000 + 40 hrs | 8 | $2,250 + 5 hrs | Used Bobcat S650 (~2000 hrs), versatile material handler |
| Conveyor system | $8,500 + 40 hrs | 10 | $850 + 4 hrs | 30ft stackable, hydraulic drive, adjustable height |
| Site preparation | $5,000 + 80 hrs | 10 | $500 + 8 hrs | Grading, drainage, access roads, working surfaces |
| Storage bins | $3,500 + 30 hrs | 10 | $350 + 3 hrs | Concrete block material separation bays |
| Total initial | $72,000 + 300 hrs | - | $7,650 + 31 hrs | Excludes pond excavation (water system feature) |
#### System Outputs
| Output Type | Daily Units | Annual Units | Internal Cost ($/unit) | Notes |
|-------------|-------------|--------------|----------------------|-------|
| Standard gravel | 35 tons | 910 tons | $5.00 | 3/4" base material |
| Fine gravel | 25 tons | 650 tons | $5.50 | 3/8" drainage material |
| Crushed concrete | 30 tons | 780 tons | $4.00 | Recycled product |
| Sand | 8 tons | 210 tons | $6.00 | Screening byproduct |
| Total | 98 tons | 2,550 tons | $5.15 (avg) | Based on 78 production days |
#### Revenue $57k/year
| Service Category | Revenue ($) | Notes |
|------------------|-------------|-------|
| Internal material provision | $12,500 | 750 tons @ $17/ton (market equivalent) |
| External material sales | $29,500 | 1,500 tons @ $19.67/ton (average) |
| Concrete tipping fees | $12,000 | 800 tons @ $15/ton |
| Specialty products | $3,000 | Custom blends, decorative stone |
| Total | $57,000 | Multiple revenue streams |